Keywords
epidemiology
incidence in the Republic of Kazakhstan
regional characteristics
mortality rates
How to Cite
Abstract
The article discusses the epidemiological situation regarding cervical cancer (CC) worldwide and in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Based on current scientific data and data from international organizations, it analyzes whether morbidity and mortality rates depend on the level of socio-economic development of each country, the availability of medical care, and the organization of preventive measures. It is shown that highly oncogenic types of human papillomavirus, including HPV-16 and HPV-18, play a particularly important role as one of the main causes influencing the development of cervical cancer. Long-term carriage of this virus can lead to pathological changes in the epithelium of the cervix and subsequent transformation into a malignant tumor. Analysis of epidemiological data in Kazakhstan shows uneven incidence rates across regions. Such differences are most often associated with the level of population participation in preventive examinations, the effective organization of screening programs, and the availability of medical services.
The article discusses the importance of organized screening programs, HPV testing and vaccination for the prevention of cervical cancer. In addition, it considers the long-term preventive impact of fostering a culture of responsible attitudes toward health among young people.
The result of the analysis show that in order to reduce the prevalence of cervical cancer in Kazakhstan, it is important to improve screening for early detection of the disease, expand preventive programs and raise public awareness.