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Abstract
Soil salinization is widespread in the arid and semi-arid regions of Kazakhstan, which directly affects the structure of the plant cover. In such extreme ecological conditions, halophyte plants survive through specific adaptive mechanisms. The aim of this study is to investigate the ecological-geographical distribution patterns and morpho-anatomical characteristics of Petrosimonia triandra (Pall.) Simonk. occurring in Central Kazakhstan. Field geobotanical surveys, floristic analysis, microscopic anatomical studies, and ecological-factor assessments were applied. The results revealed the xerohalophytic nature of the species, development of succulent parenchyma, leaf reduction, thick cuticle, and the presence of salt-accumulating vacuoles. These findings help to understand the adaptive strategies of halophytes and to evaluate the condition of saline ecosystems in Central Kazakhstan.