Main hydrochemical characteristics of lake Zhaisan in the period 2020-2024

Abstract

This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the hydrochemical characteristics of Lake Zhaisan, one of the largest and most significant bodies of water in the East Kazakhstan region. The paper presents the results of field studies conducted in the spring and fall of 2024, and also includes a retrospective comparative analysis with data from 2020–2023. Particular attention was paid to studying the dynamics of dissolved gases, biogenic compounds, organic matter, and mineralization levels. Sampling was carried out at stations on the Tarbagatai and Kurchum coasts, and analysis was performed using standard, accepted methods. A comparative analysis of the obtained parameters was also conducted to identify both short-term seasonal and long-term interannual changes. The results demonstrate that the lake's hydrochemical regime is generally stable and complies with standards established for fishery waters. An increase in dissolved oxygen levels, a decrease in mineralization compared to previous years, and moderate fluctuations in nutrient levels were recorded. The aquatic pH is predominantly slightly alkaline, and organic matter levels remain low. The ion structure of the water indicates that the lake belongs to the hydrocarbonate class, a calcium group. The obtained results confirm favorable conditions for aquatic organisms and the need for continued comprehensive monitoring.